Recently, the Ministry of Emergency Management, together with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the National Health Commission, the State Administration of Financial Supervision, the National Bureau of Statistics, China Departments and units such as the Meteorological Administration, the National Grain and Reserve Administration, the National Forestry and Grass Administration, the Red Cross Society of China, and China Railway Group conducted consultations and analysis on the national natural disaster situation in August 2023. In August, my country's natural disasters were mainly floods, droughts, typhoons and geological disasters, while wind and hail, earthquakes and forest fires also occurred to varying degrees. In August, a total of 8.887 million person-times were affected by various natural disasters, 168 people were killed or missing due to disasters, and 547,000 person-times were urgently transferred and resettled; 11,000 houses collapsed, 29,000 were severely damaged, and 82,000 were generally damaged; the area of crops affected by disasters 23.073 million hectares; direct economic loss of 34.19 billion yuan.
The main characteristics of the national natural disasters in August are:
1. The Songliao River Basin suffered severe floods and disasters, and local mountain torrents and geological disasters frequently occurred in Northwest and Southwest areas
Following the extreme heavy rainfall in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and other places at the end of July and early August, there were 5 heavy rainfall events across the country in August. 50% to 100% more in the south-central, northeastern and northern regions. In the Songliao River Basin in Northeast China, severe floods and disasters occurred, and the No. 1 flood in 2023 occurred in the Songhua River. At the beginning of August, due to the influence of the typhoon's residual cloud system moving northward and the superposition of the westerly trough, heavy rainfall occurred in many places in the Northeast. Some farmland in Heilongjiang and Jilin were flooded, and infrastructure such as road traffic, communication and power were damaged, and the direct economic loss was 17.09 billion yuan; Scattered heavy rainfall occurred in many places such as Southwest China, and flash floods and geological disasters in Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Hubei were scattered in many places. Overall, floods and geological disasters caused a total of 4.316 million people to be affected to varying degrees, 160 people died and disappeared due to disasters, 11,000 houses collapsed, and the direct economic loss was 23.23 billion yuan.
2. The drought in North China and Northeast China has been relieved, and the drought in some parts of Northwest China is relatively prominent
Since the end of July, there have been continuous heavy rainfall in North China and Northeast China. At present, the soil moisture in most parts of the country is generally suitable, and the soil moisture in some areas such as the eastern part of Northwest China and the western part of North China is moderately lacking in moisture. Affected by continuous high temperature and low rainfall, the precipitation in western Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, most of Gansu, and eastern Qinghai in Northwest China is relatively low, and the inflow of rivers in the region is relatively low, and the water storage in reservoirs is insufficient. In some areas, people and animals have temporary difficulties in drinking water and agricultural irrigation. Industrial production was affected to a certain extent. At the peak of the drought, a total of 2.68 million person-times were affected to varying degrees, and the affected area of crops was 12.795 million hectares. In addition, droughts occurred in Hubei, Hunan and other places, and some crops were affected.
3. Five typhoons formed in the Northwest Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea, and typhoon "Kanu" had a greater impact on the Northeast region
In August, a total of 5 typhoons formed in the Northwest Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea, namely Typhoon No. 7 "Lan", Typhoon No. 9 "Sura", Typhoon No. 10 "Dawei", Typhoon No. Typhoon "Hongyan". This year's No. 6 typhoon "Kanu" was formed in the ocean east of the Philippines on July 28. On August 11, it landed as a tropical depression on the coast of Zhuanghe City, Liaoning Province, my country. Heavy rainfall occurred again in many places in the Northeast. Many rivers have exceeded the warning water level, and farmland has been flooded in some areas. A total of 88,000 people in Liaoning, Heilongjiang and other places have been affected to varying degrees. The affected area of crops is 21.5 thousand hectares, and the direct economic loss is 920 million yuan.
4. Parts of North China, East China, Northwest China, and Southwest China suffered from strong convective weather, and local crops were affected
In August, there were four strong convective weather processes across the country, mainly concentrated in North China, East China, Northwest, and Southwest China. Agricultural losses in Inner Mongolia, Yunnan, and Shaanxi were relatively heavy. Among them, in early August, local strong convective weather occurred in Wulanchabu, Chifeng and other places in Inner Mongolia, and some crops and facility greenhouses were damaged; in mid-August, Qujing and Kunming in Yunnan suffered from hail and strong winds; in late August , Shaanxi Tongchuan, Weinan and other places experienced short-term heavy rainfall and hail, and some fruit and vegetable crops were affected. In addition, on August 13, a tornado hit Dafeng District, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, killing 2 people. Overall, 690,000 person-times were affected by wind and hail disasters to varying degrees, 8 people died due to disasters, 91.2 thousand hectares of crops were affected, and the direct economic loss was 1.12 billion yuan.
V. A 5.5-magnitude earthquake occurred in Dezhou, Shandong, and multiple forest fires occurred in Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang
In August, 11 earthquakes with a magnitude of 4 or above occurred in mainland my country. Among them, the earthquake with the highest magnitude was the 5.5-magnitude earthquake in Pingyuan County, Dezhou City, Shandong Province on August 6. It was the strongest earthquake that occurred in Shandong Province in recent years, causing damage to more than 2,900 houses in Dezhou, Liaocheng and other places to varying degrees, and a direct economic loss of 230 million yuan. . The remaining earthquakes of magnitude 4 or so did not cause significant disaster losses. In addition, according to preliminary statistics, there were 36 forest fires across the country in August, including 21 in Inner Mongolia and 14 in Heilongjiang, all of which were caused by lightning strikes; no grassland fires occurred.
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