Paraffin wax is also called crystal wax, with a carbon number of about 18 to 30 Hydrocarbon mixture, the main components are straight-chain alkanes (about 80% to 95%), and there are also a small amount of alkanes with individual branched chains and monocyclic cycloalkanes with long side chains (the total content of the two is less than 20%). Paraffin is a flaky or needle-shaped crystal obtained from the lubricating oil fraction obtained by distillation of crude oil through solvent refining, solvent dewaxing or wax freeze crystallization, press dewaxing to obtain wax paste, and then deoiling and refining. It is understood that according to different degrees of processing and refining, it can be divided into three types: fully refined paraffin, semi-refined paraffin and crude paraffin.
The synthesis method of paraffin wax is as follows:
1. Fischer-Tropsch process (Rscher-Tropsch process) synthesizes paraffin carbon from carbon monoxide and hydrogen through contact A mixture of hydrides, the low molecular weight part is removed by distillation, and the other parts are obtained after hydrogenation and further percolation treatment with activated carbon.
2. Using oil-containing wax as raw material, it is deoiled by sweating or solvent, and then subjected to hydrogenation or clay refining to obtain paraffin for food.
3. The lubricating oil fraction obtained by regular and vacuum distillation of crude oil is used as raw material, and is processed through solvent dewaxing, deoiling or traditional pressing dewaxing and sweating deoiling processes, and then refined through clay or hydrogenation. Semi-refined paraffin (white paraffin) is produced. If the processing depth is deeper, fully refined paraffin (fine paraffin), food paraffin, etc. can be obtained.
4. Obtained by further processing the fractions obtained by regular vacuum distillation of natural petroleum. Depending on the depth of processing, crude paraffin, semi-refined paraffin, fully refined paraffin, food packaging paraffin, food wax, soap wax and cosmetic wax with different melting points are available.
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