The "Opinions on Promoting the Construction of the Basic Pension Service System" issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council was released to the public on May 21.
What are the basic pension services? How are these services provided? The responsible comrades of the Pension Service Department of the Ministry of Civil Affairs recently answered questions from reporters.
By the end of 2022, there will be more than 280 million elderly people aged 60 and over, accounting for 19.8% of the total population, of which 210 million are aged 65 and over, accounting for 14.9% of the total population. The population aging situation is grim.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the improvement of my country's pension service system has been accelerated, and the fairness and accessibility of basic pension services have been continuously improved. At the same time, basic elderly care services are still the weak point of the new era of elderly care services, and the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development is still prominent, and its basic concepts, service objects, content, and standards need to be further clarified.
"The opinion is the first document of the central government to define the connotation and main tasks of promoting the basic old-age service system, clarify the role of the government, society, market and family in basic old-age service, and clarify that basic old-age service covers material assistance, The main content, such as care services and caring services, highlights the protection of the life safety of the elderly and the long-term care services for the disabled.” The person in charge said that the opinion is to promote the resolution of the urgent, difficult, and anxious problems of the elderly in elderly care services, and to get the bottom line. An important system design for getting the bottom line right and getting the bottom line right.
The formulation of the "National List of Basic Pension Services" is a highlight of this opinion.
According to the person in charge, the "National List of Basic Elderly Care Services" focuses on ensuring the basic life safety of the elderly, and sorts out the basic service items that have been clearly defined in the current effective laws, regulations and policy documents involving the elderly Summarized and integrated into the institutional framework of basic pension services. The list includes 16 service items in three categories, including material assistance, nursing service, and caring service, and clearly defines the service objects and content of each item.
"It is an innovative policy based on my country's national conditions to divide elderly care services into basic elderly care services and non-basic elderly care services, and to provide basic elderly care services as public products to all elderly people in a list-based and standardized manner. Measures." The person in charge said that such policy measures can allow local governments to know what is the key to guaranteeing the elderly care services at this stage and "to what extent" and to use limited financial resources to the elderly who care most. areas, and use the key links that the elderly need most in their lives. At the same time, it is also beneficial for the majority of the elderly to know what kind of service guarantee they can get from the state and society.
At present, the development of various regions in my country is still uneven, and the gap in the degree of aging is obvious. In this context, how to achieve fair protection of basic pension services?
The person in charge said that, on the one hand, the basic elderly care services that the Party Central Committee and the State Council have made clear that the elderly in our country should enjoy should, in principle, be fully covered without missing items. The service items must be basically implemented at the current stage; on the other hand, governments at the provincial level and below can study and propose specific local implementation items and standards based on the actual local economic development and the needs of the elderly, in order to satisfy the basic elderly service needs of the people and meet the needs of the elderly. Finding the best balance between the national financial security capabilities can make the finance sustainable and make dynamic adjustments in accordance with the procedures.
It is worth noting that the Opinion clarifies that basic elderly care services are mainly provided by the state directly or through certain means to support relevant entities, which includes giving full play to the role of the market.
"Civil affairs departments at all levels should implement preferential support policies for the development of elderly care services, encourage social forces to participate in the provision of basic elderly care services, combine government purchases of services with direct provision of services, and give priority to guaranteeing the disabled, elderly, and unattended individuals with economic difficulties. Wait for the service needs of the elderly.” The person in charge said that where conditions permit, policies such as bed construction subsidies and operating subsidies for elderly service institutions should be optimized to support elderly care institutions to provide basic elderly care services.
"In the next step, the Ministry of Civil Affairs will play the leading and coordinating role of the joint meeting mechanism of pension service departments, and promote the implementation of various departments and localities according to the division of responsibilities. In addition, the Ministry of Civil Affairs will also work with the National Development and Reform Commission and other departments to establish a sound The evaluation mechanism includes the construction of the basic old-age service system into the comprehensive performance evaluation of actively responding to population aging. Advanced areas or units that have done well should be praised and encouraged, and areas or units that are lagging behind should be helped to find out the reasons and promote the implementation of the work.” said the person in charge.
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